Kate’s story – “I’m a classic example of a sandwich carer”
Kate reflects on the challenges of being a sandwich carer and shares how her Admiral Nurse has supported her family.
Dementia often has a significant impact on a person’s daily life, including how they function within their own home. However, a wide range of products are available to help people with dementia live more independently and stay safe at home. Our Admiral Nurses can help with finding the right living aids for a person with dementia.
Dementia living aids include equipment, adaptations and technologies to help people with dementia carry out daily activities more easily. Living aids can also be called ‘assistive technologies’. This phrase does not just refer to electronic devices, equipment or machines, but to a range of products to support people in their everyday lives.
Living aids and assistive technologies can help:
Living aids and assistive technologies can help a person with dementia carry out everyday tasks they might find difficult, without relying on another person to help them. For example:
Different living aids suit different people, so consider what the person is finding difficult first and then look at possible aids or adaptations. These are some of the assistive technologies that people with dementia might find helpful.
People with dementia may struggle to carry out kitchen tasks. This can affect their ability to eat and drink properly and can increase the risk of accident or injury. These assistive technologies for the kitchen may help:
Living aids for the bedroom can help people with getting in and out of bed, dressing and staying safe if they get up in the night. They include:
Bathroom aids can support a person with dementia to carry out personal hygiene tasks, use the toilet independently and stay safe in the bathroom. A person with dementia might benefit from:
These aids may help the person you care for stay safe and comfortable when out of the house.
Taking medication at the correct time and dose is very important. These aids can help a person with dementia take the right medication at the right time.
If the person lives with diabetes, there is a range of products to help with monitoring blood sugar and dispensing medication. Read our information on assistive technology for people with diabetes and dementia.
Assistive technology can help people with dementia maintain contact with people if they live alone, although this equipment can be expensive. For example, CallGenie allows you to video call someone through the TV. It automatically switches on the TV and connects to the call without the person needing to press any buttons. This can be a good option for a person who is not comfortable using a smartphone.
My Home Helper is a tablet that has all the traditional features (reminders, calendar, diary etc), but automatically answers incoming video calls.
Good lighting and contrasting colours help make the home safer and reduce the risk of falls. For example, getting as much natural light into the home as possible and choosing furniture in contrasting colours to floors and walls. Read our information on making the home safe and comfortable for a person with dementia for more advice.
Dementia can affect a person’s memory, but simple changes around the home can help with managing daily life. Clocks, calendars, signs and labels can help the person with dementia remember where things are kept and keep track of appointments and other occasions.
You can get clocks especially designed for people with dementia. They have clear displays and provide additional information. For example, as well as the time of day, they might also include the date, day of the week and time of day, such as ‘Thursday afternoon’. You can also get clocks that link with a smartphone app so you can add a note to the clock, like, “Note from Sarah: I have gone to the shop and will be back at 3pm.”
Clocks are also available that read out the time and show or speak reminders for the person, such as reminding them if they have an appointment or when it is time to eat.
Labels and signs on cupboards and doors can be very helpful for a person with dementia. For example, a toilet sign on the bathroom door makes it easier to find.
Photos on cupboards and drawers can show what is stored inside, such as a picture of cups on the kitchen cupboard. See-through cupboard doors are another good option, as they allow the person to see the contents without needing to open them.
Sticky notes, like Post-It notes, around the home can be useful for reminders, such as a note by the front door saying, ‘Have you got your keys?’ A noticeboard or whiteboard could also be used to list daily and weekly tasks like taking the bins out or charging a mobile phone.
When making signs, keep them clear and simple. Use words alongside an appropriate picture, and make sure both contrast well with the background so they are easy to read. It’s also worth positioning signs slightly lower than you might expect, as some people with dementia tend to look downwards rather than straight ahead.
There are various tools that can help a person with dementia communicate.
Often, people with dementia find it easier to understand visual information than verbal, so pictures could help them communicate. For example, you could show the person pictures of two different meals so they can point to the one they want.
Picture boards or storyboards can help a person with dementia understand a daily routine or the steps in an activity like leaving the house. They can also help family, friends and carers who are looking after the person. For example, a storyboard for getting ready in the morning might show pictures of having a bath or shower, getting dressed, having breakfast, etc.
If possible, work with the person with dementia to put a storyboard together and show them how to use it. You could buy a premade storyboard, or you could make one yourself with pictures from the person’s home, so the steps are even more recognisable.
Some people with dementia experience hearing loss, especially if they are older. Hearing loss can be difficult to diagnose in a person with dementia, because dementia can also cause problems with processing sounds. But if you suspect the person you care for may have hearing loss, it is important to get them tested, so they can be fitted with a hearing aid if they need it.
Read more about hearing loss and dementia.
Safety is often a concern for the family and friends of a person with dementia. There are various safety and security aids available to help keep the person safe.
Telecare systems monitor a person’s activity around the home and alert a call centre or nominated family member if they detect anything out of the ordinary. This means help can be arranged.
Telecare systems may help a person with dementia live independently for longer. Some systems send updates directly to families or carers using a smartphone app.
The sections below cover the main types of telecare and safety aid available.
Door and wearable alarms help keep a person with dementia safe and prevent them going missing by alerting friends, family or carers when they leave the house. Some door alarm sets come with a pager that sounds an alarm if the door opens, and some can send alerts to an app on your phone.
You can also get internet-connected video doorbells (eg Ring doorbells) that send you a notification if someone leaves or approaches the house.
You can also get wearable alarms, for example, in the form of watches that send a GPS signal to an app on your phone. This means you can always see where the person is and can find them quickly if they leave the house.
There are a number of helpful devices that can alert you if a person with dementia has a fall or leaves their bed or chair unexpectedly.
Sensors are also available to detect flooding, gas or smoke in the home. Depending on the system, they may send an alert to a 24/7 monitoring centre or notify family members or carers directly through an app.
There are ethical and legal issues to think about when it comes to using assistive technology like CCTV to keep a person with dementia safe. Installing CCTV in their home may help them stay independent for longer, and enable family and carers to check they are safe. However, it can also be seen as an invasion of privacy.
If possible, the person with dementia should consent to CCTV being installed in their home. If they do not have the capacity to consent, a decision should be made in the person’s best interests if it is necessary for their safety and is the least restrictive option. Read more about mental capacity and decision-making.
If CCTV is used, it should not be placed in areas where personal care happens and any visiting carers should be informed. Any recordings should be stored securely and should not be shared without the consent of the people in the recordings.
Introducing new technology to a person with dementia requires patience and a gradual approach. It’s best to introduce one adaptation or piece of equipment at a time, rather than several at once. This gives the person time to get used to one change before introducing the next.
Choose a calm moment to introduce anything new, and keep your explanation simple and clear. Avoid using technical language and focus on how the living aid will help the person in their daily life.
Repetition and reassurance are key. The person may need to be shown how to use something several times before it feels familiar. Try to make the experience as positive as possible, and do not rush or show frustration if they find it difficult.
If a particular device is causing distress or confusion, it may be worth setting it aside and trying again at a later stage, or looking for a simpler alternative.
There are several types of assessment that can identify ways to make independent living easier for a person with dementia.
This assessment is carried out by Social Services and looks at how the person is managing everyday tasks like washing, dressing and cooking. It is usually conducted face-to-face, but they can be done online, over the phone or by self-assessment. The main purpose is to identify if they need support with their care needs, for example, from a home carer, at a day centre or in a care home. It may also identify home equipment and adaptations that could help. You can find contact details for your local Social Services at gov.uk.
This looks specifically at home adaptations such as ramps, grab rails, stairlifts and walk-in showers. The assessor may also recommend daily living aids and assistive technology.
When you apply for a needs assessment, the form will ask if a home assessment is needed. Alternatively, you can apply for specific equipment separately, without a home assessment.
This is carried out by an occupational therapist and is intended to support people with daily living activities, for example, by suggesting new ways to approach household tasks and recommending equipment that may help. You can ask the person’s GP to refer them. In some cases, if the person is being assessed by a Memory Service, an occupational therapist may be asked to provide further assessment or advice.
Many living aids and home adaptations are inexpensive. Often, a simple solution like using a whiteboard for reminders works just as well as a specially designed assistive product. Some changes can be more costly – but there may be financial support to help with these.
Adaptations to the home that cost less than £1,000 each should be paid for by the local council. These might include grab rails, accessible ramps and movement-activated outdoor lighting.
Larger adaptations that cost more than £1,000, such as converting a bathroom to a wet room, will not be funded by the local council, but a grant may be available to contribute to or cover the cost, such as the Disabled Facilities Grant. The person with dementia will need to have an OT assessment before they can be considered for the Disabled Facilities Grant. This should be arranged by social services when you apply.
Grants may also be available from organisations and charities like Independence at Home and some local branches of Age UK. The Home Independence Agency can help you find grants that may be available in your area.
Some mobility aids, such as wheelchairs and toilet aids, may be available to hire from the British Red Cross, and some local councils and memory services loan smaller items like calendar clocks.
People who are registered as disabled or have a long-term health condition may be exempt from paying VAT on assistive technology. This could save up to 20%, so ask the supplier if this is an option.
If you care for a person with dementia, you are eligible for a carer’s assessment to see if you can access financial support, respite care, training and more. Carer’s assessments are arranged by Social Services: find your local team at gov.uk.
Our dementia specialist Admiral Nurses can give you advice about choosing living aids and assistive technology for a person with dementia. Please call our free Helpline on 0800 888 6678 (Monday-Friday 9am-9pm, Saturday and Sunday 9am-5pm, every day except 25th December), email helpline@dementiauk.org or book a phone or virtual clinic appointment with an Admiral Nurse.
Our virtual clinics give you the chance to discuss any questions or concerns with a dementia specialist Admiral Nurse by phone or video call, at a time that suits you.
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